12/5/2003 02:17
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ד"ר ליבוביץ
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מאת:
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ומשהו נוסף, למי שבאמת רוצה להתעמק
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כותרת:
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זה מתוך הפטנט שהוגש לייצור הרכיבים של הפורמולה. שימו לב בסוף, התאור של ההפקה עם אצטון... This is patent # 5658767 called "Arachidonic acid and methods for the production and use thereof" by Kyle with Martek Bioscience being the assignee. Filed in 1995
The discussion is about the organism M. alpina used in producing the oil.
"After harvesting, the mycelial cake can be extracted. The mycelial cake refers to the collection of biomass resulting after harvest. The cake can be loose or pressed, crumbled or uncrumbled. Optionally, the cake can have any residual water removed, as by vacuum drying, fluid bed drying, spray drying or lyophilization, prior to extraction. If this option is selected, it is preferable to use nonpolar solvents to extract the ARA-containing oil. While any non-polar extract is suitable, hexane is preferred.
In a preferred embodiment, oil is extracted from the dried biomass by wet grinding or percolation with virgin hexane. Solvent is usually added at a solvent-to-biomass ratio of about 5:1 (w/w). After wet grinding, solids are separated from the extract by decanting or centrifugation. It is advantageous to maintain the solvent-containing extract (miscella) anaerobically to avoid oxidation of the unsaturated fatty acid residues in the oil. Miscella is desolventized to produce a crude fungal oil.
Crude oil extracted from fungal biomass with non-polar solvents can be cloudy, particularly when the biomass is ground, because grinding may release fine particles such as cell wall fragments and soluble polysaccharides. Clarification of such cloudy oil may be accomplished by dissolving the crude oil in more polar solvents, such as acetone or alcohol. In a preferred embodiment, crude oil extract of fungal mycelia is further clarified by acetone extraction/precipitation. An acetone miscella is prepared by adding acetone to cloudy crude oil extract (preferably to a level of about 20% oil; i.e., about 4 volumes of acetone per volume of crude oil), mixing thoroughly and allowing the mixture to stand for a period sufficient for precipitation of the free particles (usually about an hour room temperature). The oil-containing acetone miscella is clarified by centrifugation and/or filtration, and then desolventized to produce acetone-clarified fungal oil. Acetone-clarified fungal oil is preferred for further processing (e.g., degumming, bleaching and deodorizing by conventional techniques) because the fines produced during extraction of the fungal biomass will interfere with the refining processes if not removed in the acetone step."
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